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I'll be travelling to California for the first time since 1997 later this week for meetings in Palo Alto with the folks from the GIS Special Interest Group Order amoxicillin no prescription, , Simulated History, Tooling Up for Digital Histories, and the Spatial History Project, all at Stanford University. Amoxicillin online cheap, Along with Schuyler Erle and the folks from Stamen Design, we'll be discussing the goals and challenges of spatial history on the web.

As part of my visit I'll be giving a short talk at the Stanford Humanities Center this Friday 8 January 2010 from 3:00 to 4:00PM in the Baker Board Room, order amoxicillin from canada. New Mexico NM N.Mex. , The title, Mapping the Maximum City, acquistare a buon mercato amoxicillin, Cheap amoxicillin online without prescription, is borrowed from Schuyler's keynote at Where 2.0 in 2007 (listen to the ITConversations podcast) on our work together on the building the Mumbai Freemap database. Here's the link to their announcement of the talk and my revised abstract (with apologies to Michael Pye and Suketu Mehta):

In social theory and ethnography, cheap amoxicillin no prescription, Ostaa halvalla amoxicillin, the “return of space” has foregrounded the environmental dimensions of urban power through a new critical geography. Recently a distinct “urban turn” the study of South Asian history has sought to rethink the role of cities such as Bombay, Florida FL Fla. , Comprar amoxicillin baratos, Delhi and Calcutta as more than just a physical container for colonial power, or discursive stage for nationalist politics, cheap amoxicillin. However the narrative frameworks of nationalist historiography and the spatial histories of cities and regions in South Asia often operate at disjunct scales and through distinct periodicities.

New mapping technologies and methods of urban spatial history dramatize these gaps in the periodization of urban change in contemporary South Asia, order amoxicillin no prescription. Köpa billiga amoxicillin, I will document how I have used historical maps, community geodata, Michigan MI Mich. , Pennsylvania PA Penn. , and open source GIS to map a spatial framework for understanding the growth of colonial and postcolonial Mumbai. My presentation will address the hiatus between narrative and spatial history in the context of my research on the urban environment in Bombay/Mumbai in the twentieth century, Koop korting amoxicillin, Kentucky KY Ky. , as the city grew from a colonial commercial center to a global metropolitan region. Using map imagery and geodata from historical and topographical surveys of colonial Bombay, as well as development plans and community information from contemporary Mumbai, I will show how scale and form of postcolonial urbanisation requires new ways of theorising the contested spaces of the Indian city.

I will focus on the technical and analytical challenges of mapping and archiving boundaries and structures in Bombay/Mumbai between 1914 and 2001 in the Mumbai Freemap, a community mapping project initiated by CRIT (Collective Research Initiatives Trust), a voluntary group of urban researches and designers, to use open source software, public geodata, geographic information systems (GIS), and community maps to produce an open spatial database of twentieth century Mumbai.

Shekhar Krishnan is a doctoral candidate in the Program in Science Technology and Society (STS) at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) where he is researching the history of technology and the urban environment in Bombay and Western India from 1860-1950. For the past ten years he has been involved in urban research and community organizing in Mumbai as a founding coordinator then associate director of PUKAR (Partners for Urban Knowledge Action & Research) and currently as a founder member of CRIT (Collective Research Initiatives Trust). He has been a project fellow and evangelist with Zotero at the Center for History & New Media and is currently managing partner of Entropy Free LLC, a software consultancy which builds open source tools for digital humanities and the geospatial web.

Filed under: main — Tags: freemap, map, mumbai — Shekhar @ 5 January 2010 7.34 pm

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Slumdog Millionaire Order amoxicillin online cheap, has been running since September at the cinema across the street from my apartment in Cambridge. I enjoyed the film when I finally saw it in December, despite the cliched invocation of Bollywood in the concluding song and Danny Boyle's populism -- the last scene of Trainspotting, where Renton "chooses life" by robbing his heroin addict mates from Glasgow, was more my style. But melodrama has its uses, αγοράσετε amoxicillin έκπτωση. Watching Jamal and Latika dance on the platforms of Victoria Terminus in the film's finale reminded me of the protective grandeur of India's greatest railway station, in which a few weeks before 56 people had been shot by gunmen in the 26/11 terrorist attacks on Mumbai.

While its cast was mostly local, Slumdog Millionaire only opened in India in late January, Hawaii HI , many months after it had become a sleeper hit in the U.S. It is a measure of the globalisation of urban India that even before the film was released, there were already protests over the apparently disparaging name of the film, and its popularity prompted Amitabh Bacchan to complain of the Western fetish for cinematic realism, while more recently, Salman Rushdie has claimed the film is not realistic or magical plausible enough, order amoxicillin online cheap.

This weekend, on the eve of the Oscars for which Slumdog Millionaire won eight awards, I was delighted to see an op-ed in the New York Times called Taking the Slum Out of Slumdog, written by an old friend and mentor. Rahul Srivastava* is a freelance novelist and ethnographer in Goa who co-wrote the piece with his collaborator, Kjøp Discount amoxicillin, digital urbanist Matias Echanove (the original version, Taking the Slum out of Dharavi, is on their blog Airoots).

In Mumbai it is a commonplace that more than 60% of the urban population live in so-called "slums". Vermont VT Vt. , While the term itself is apocryphal, it has been traced to the old Irish "s lom" for a "bare bleak room", an "impoverished place" or "barren life". Order amoxicillin online cheap, Historically, the term "slum" has always referred to both to the concrete dwellings in which the urban poor live, as well as a less tangible, but no less real, moral panic about this built environment. Until the development of germ theory and public health policies, Victorian sanitary reformers believed that overcrowding, lack of sinks, amoxicillin discount, sewers, and taps corrupted both the morals and health of the urban poor.

Shocked at the growth of large squatter settlements in the first shock cities of the industrial revolution, early urban journalists and reformers such as Friedrich Engels and Jacob Riis brought the slang of the predominantly Irish immigrant slum dwellers into the popular imagination. Texas TX Tex. , Fear of the unwashed urban masses was inscribed into the descriptions of their housing, and this imaginative displacement was suddenly applicable everywhere that slums proliferated. Perceived as a disease on the body politic, the great reformers flipped the terms of contagion in the public mind and press for political change. From blaming the victims -- the slum dwellers themselves -- they identified the disease agents in the invisible hand of corrupt municipal bosses and builders who dispensed patronage to the slumlords and extorted rent from the poor, order amoxicillin online cheap.

This discourse of reform travelled throughout the British Empire in the wake of industrialisation in the colonies, first as moral reform and then as material improvement, cheap amoxicillin pills. Slums were breeding grounds for the social unrest and epidemic diseases spawned by the early factory system. Danny Boyle is a product of these connections, as a working-class Irish Catholic from Manchester, the factory city whose mills were fed by the cotton from colonial India. Alaska AK , It was from Glasgow -- the scene of Boyle's Trainspotting -- that colonial sanitary reformers modelled the Bombay Improvement Trust, established in the wake of the plague epidemic in 1896 and charged with the task of demolishing slums and building sanitary housing for the slumdogs of colonial Bombay. Order amoxicillin online cheap, The moral lessons of the sanitarians gave way to material improvements by reformers who sought better housing, clean water, flushing toilets and open spaces for the urban masses.

Behind the moral language, the actual physical environment of urban slums represent a very wide spectrum of building practices and housing typologies, as my colleagues in CRIT have shown in this study of Housing Typologies in Mumbai published in 2007. The slum as place defies the slum as category, Køb discount amoxicillin. The hiatus between this abstract slum of morality and ideology, and the real diversity of housing practices in the real built environment, is the cognitive gap that many critics, designers and ethnographers have recently sought to address. Lowest price amoxicillin, In their article where they seek to take the slum out of Slumdog, Rahul and Matias acknowledge that the generic term "slum" masks a much more complex economic and ecological reality, and focus on the centuries-old settlement of Dharavi in Mumbai. Popularly known as "Asia's largest slum", it has been the subject of some of Mumbai's best journalism in works such as Jeremy Seabrook's Life and Labour in an Indian Slum and Kalpana Sharma's Rediscovering Dharavi, order amoxicillin online cheap. Slumdog Millionaire was extensively shot in Dharavi, to reference the archetypical slum environment of crowded and unpaved lanes, jerry-built shacks and tenements, cheap amoxicillin online cheap, and water containers, hoses and taps next to every home.

While Rahul andÂ to "take the slum out" of films like Slumdog and places like Dharavi, they seem to feel it is enough to switch the moral registers while leaving the material artefact untouched. Amoxicillin online kaufen, They claim, incredibly, that "Dharaviâ€™s extreme population density doesnâ€™t translate into oppressiveness. The crowd is efficiently absorbed by the thousands of tiny streets branching off bustling commercial arteries". Order amoxicillin online cheap, The problem with critique is that it aestheticises slum conditions to serve up a cultural critique of urban planning and technology.

The statement that "No master plan, urban design, North Carolina NC N.C. , zoning ordinance, construction law or expert knowledge can claim any stake in the prosperity of Dharavi" is absurd when you consider that the economy of the place is entirely based around its proximity to major transport arteries and municipal boundaries. Dharavi is a triangular settlement with hard boundaries fixed by the western and central railway lines on either side, and the Mithi River and Mahim Bay on top. αγοράσετε amoxicillin, From here, two causeways and railway bridges lead out of the island city of Mumbai into its immediate suburbs. Dharavi's identity is tied directly to this infrastructure and geography of transportation, which produced its central position in the urban economy.

While there is much to agree with in Rahul and Mathias's op-ed, the argument about the resourcefulness of the poor and the marginality of the state in Dharavi is a very serviceable critique, order amoxicillin online cheap. While both are committed activists, the logic of their argument is too easily seized upon by less committed anthropologists and development practitioners as a culturalist rationale for non-intervention in the urban environment, köpa amoxicillin.

The role of the state in providing urban services, or its capacity to effect any positive change in the life of the poor is another matter entirely. But the idea that it has no role in Dharavi denies the poor a stake in their own political agency. Nor is this a constructive critique of the predatory ecology of urban land on which the construction industry and urban power hangs in Mumbai. Order amoxicillin online cheap, Taking the state out of the slums renders invisible the entire urban regime which works to maintain the centrality of the industries and services of Dharavi, but push its people and their needs and aspirations to the peripheries. While serving as a sweatshop for multinational industries and a transport hub for Greater Mumbai, the residents of Dharavi literally live on the "other side of the tracks" of both Central and Western Railways and sleep next to the great sink for suburban effluvia and waste, the Mahim Creek.

Is it any cause for celebration that "in Dharavi... people have learned to respond in creative ways to the indifference of the state â€“ including the setting up of a highly functional waste recycling industry that serves the whole city". Were the citizens of Dharavi any less resourceful, they would sink in garbage, or be eaten by dogs.

* For the record, Rahul and I gave Freida Pinto one of her first breaks in show business, as she once worked with us in the organisation which we directed together in Mumbai, PUKAR (Partners for Urban Knowledge Action & Research).

Filed under: main — Tags: housing, mumbai, slums — Shekhar @ 26 February 2009 8.43 am

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The Hindu has scanned the entire dossier Order cheap amoxicillin online, of evidence related to the terrorist attacks on Mumbai on 26-28 November. Their servers seem to be overwhelmed with requests, order amoxicillin, Generic amoxicillin, so I have cached the PDFs for downloading here: Part 1, Part 2, Indiana IN Ind. , Ordering amoxicillin without prescription, Part 3 and Part 4 and all parts archived.

Dr Singh's genteel but firm diplomatic strategy is to present this evidence in the chanceries of the world's great powers, buy amoxicillin without prescription, Buy amoxicillin no rx, who will compel Pakistan to act against Lashkar-i-Toiba and elements within its own intelligence establishment who mentored these irregulars to fight on the Kashmir and Afghan frontiers. So far both India and Pakistan have avoided war, Nevada NV Nev. , Order amoxicillin no prescription, but can there be a Third Way in the War on Terror.

This interview on All Things Considered with Siddharth Varadarajan is worth a listen, Maryland MD Md. , Buy amoxicillin online without prescription, and this interview with Lt Gen Ahmed Shuja Pasha, amoxicillin without prescription, Købe amoxicillin online, the head of the Inter-Services Intelligence, in Der Spiegel, Delaware DE Del. .

Filed under: main — Tags: geopolitics, india, indian ocean, mumbai — Shekhar @ 7 January 2009 4.46 pm

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Order amoxicillin, Experts, journalists, and film-makers are seeing motherships everywhere.

In an interview today on Here and Now with Bob Baer, former CIA analyst for the Middle East, he just let drop the terrifying scenario of a jihadi mothership docking in Baltimore Harbor and launching commando attacks from a swarm of dinghies, New Hampshire NH N.H. , in imitation of the attacks in Mumbai two weeks ago. Not surprisingly, the film Syriana was adapted from Baer's intelligence memoirs.

In the weeks before the 26/11 attacks on Mumbai, a Saudi oil tanker was hijacked off the Horn of Africa, cheap amoxicillin online legally. In a direct action against Somali pirates menacing the high seas, on 19 November the Indian Navy sunk what was called a "pirate mothership" in the Gulf of Aden, in one of the world's busiest shipping lanes off the Horn of Africa. This seemed to many Indians a swift and effective strike in the subcontinent's own maritime near-abroad, the western Indian Ocean, order amoxicillin. Order amoxicillin online, Defence analysts and terrorism experts hailed the emergent regional hegemon taking the fight to the pirate brigands in aid the international community, with the INS Tabar swooping down on and sinking their mothership.

This proud assertion of regional sub-imperialism by India was interrupted when it later emerged that the alleged mothership sunk by the Indian Navy in the Gulf of Aden was actually a Thai fishing trawler occupied by Somali pirates. The Navy claimed it nonetheless had the pirate commanders in their sights and fired legitimately. Tell that to the Thai fishermen who lost their boat, buy amoxicillin pills, or other coastal fishing communities such as in Kutch whose livelihood depends on the natural ecologies which cross maritime jurisdictions, and who are routinely harrased and imprisoned by the Indian and Pakistani coast guards and navies.

The Laskar-e-Toiba Order amoxicillin, commandos who attacked Mumbai arrived by speed boats and dinghies on the city's unregulated coastline in a hijacked fishing boat named Kuber, registered in the Gujarati port city of Porbander. The families and friends of the fishermen on the Kuber, Ordering amoxicillin from canada, when the boat failed to return home the night it was attacked by the commandos at sea, first assumed that it had been detained by the Pakistani authorities. However a body was found floating in a fishing channel, dumped overboard after the commandos changed from their boat which brought them to Gujarat from Pakistan's main port city, Karachi, ordering amoxicillin online without prescription.

For more than a hundred years, Western military experts have grappled with the murky geography of insurgent networks in the mountainous and rugged terrain of the border regions of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Much like the frontier and tribal agencies along the old Durand Line, Amoxicillin online, the maritime frontier of the western Indian Ocean is simply impossible to police. The British Indian Empire had an overwhelming interest in regulating human and commercial traffic in the western Indian Ocean for most of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, order amoxicillin. Few remember that Aden was directly administered by the Government of Bombay as a protectorate for a hundred years, as it was strategically located at the mouth of the Red Sea, the gateway to the pilgrimage port of Mecca and the Suez Canal.

Throughout the western Indian Ocean coastline from its formal bases in Aden to Bombay, αγοράζουν φτηνά amoxicillin, the British assumed various roles in the development and governance of the vast maritime frontier in the Indian Ocean. As regional naval hegemon and guarantor of the security of coastal sultans and emirates such as in Bushire, Basra, Louisiana LA , Kuwait and Musqat, its commercial agents and native informants commanded political power (in this view, the British have occupied Basra on and off for more than 300 years). As its military and naval interests controlled regional traffic, it enacted traditional duties of protector of pilgrims for thousands of Hajis arrriving Mecca by boat (and increasingly by British steamships) from India or Southeast Asia, Rhode Island RI R.I. . Order amoxicillin, The British were thus forced to act in novel scenarios as public health inspector, to control and quarantine the decades-long global plague outbreak which spread from China and India to Europe, Latin America and Europe.

Historians have compared the relations of "informal empire" between British India and these coastal states of the western Indian Ocean as similar to the indirect rule exercised in the colonial princely states. While Bombay and Aden were directly administered as colonial cities in British India, the network of coastal port cities in their vast hinterland from Gujarat to Yemen functioned as an informal sphere of influence for Indian, Osta alennus amoxicillin, Arab and Persian merchants and traders who prospered by accepting British naval protection and commercial dominance in international trade in the Indian Ocean (which, in the memorable phrase, became a British pool).

These port cities harboured ships flying flags of convenience and carrying all kinds of local regional trade from the sultanates of Yemen and Muscat, across the mouth of the Persian Gulf to the Makran Coast and the Gulfs of Kutch and Cambay in India, Utah UT . Today little remains of what what colonial port authorities referred to as the "coasting trade", except for fishing. However, fisherfolk are increasingly threatened by international trawlers which have fish on an industrial scale for export, destroying what remains of the livelihood base of coastal fishing communities, order amoxicillin.

Syriana (warning, Buy cheap amoxicillin online, spoiler!) culminates with a pair of young Pakistani boys driving a high-speed dinghy with a warhead strapped on it at high speed into a massive tanker, just as the ribbon is cut on a new coastal refinery built by a Western oil company in a fictionalized Gulf emirate. The boys, migrant workers in a labor camp, are easily recruited to the attack, cheapest amoxicillin, in which they will also perish. The mothership here, an oil tanker, Ordering amoxicillin no rx, is not the source, but the target, of the suicide attack. Visions of motherships notwithstanding, most pirates and terrorists, it seems, prefer to travel in speed-boats and dinghies.

Filed under: main — Tags: geopolitics, indian ocean, mumbai, pirates — Shekhar @ 9 December 2008 12.48 pm

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Buy cheap amoxicillin online, The attacks on Mumbai are unbelievably gruesome and at this point hard to comprehend. I am not there right now, and am writing from faraway. I was quickly able to (recursively) account for all my friends and family with a single message "are you safe?" sent to all my loved ones in Mumbai. Everyone is, Minnesota MN Minn. . Thank you, all, for asking.

The nature of this attack is globally unprecedented, buy cheap amoxicillin online. Buy amoxicillin no prescription, This is not even like 9/11 -- it has lasted three days,11/26-11/28, and is still not over. The first news I heard on Wednesday afternoon, was of gunmen opening fire with automatic weapons and throwing grenades in Victoria Terminus at rush hour, kjøpe amoxicillin. This immediately reminded me The last time something like this happened was July 11 2006, or 7/11, when I was on the railway platform in rush hour at Dadar, Buy amoxicillin overnight delivery, and the overhead electric lines suddenly popped and the station went dark. After learning of bomb blasts up the line at Matunga Road, I walked home amidsty an enormous jam of vehicles, as all the train commuters emerged onto the streets. Buy cheap amoxicillin online, It was only when I came home that I learned what had happened. Bombs had gone off all over the line, amoxicillin prescription, killing and injuring hundreds of train commuters.

The signature of 7/11 and terrorism in Mumbai were their attacks on the city's vital arteries, its train and bus network, Order amoxicillin online without prescription, where most Mumbaikars spend hours everyday together.The nature of the targets is very different from previous terrorism such as 7/11 or the bus bombs, or at least the news coverage here would have us believe. While its sister station in India, Channel 7-IBN, is leading in their coverage in Mumbai, acheter amoxicillin discount, CNN here has focussed largely on the shootout and hostage situations Taj and Oberoi hotels. The dramatic photos of the Taj Hotel dome draped in smoke and flames on today's New York Times front page has already become the signature image of the Mumbai attacks.

There are other ways in which these attacks are remarkable, and different, buy cheap amoxicillin online. The attackers apparently arrived by sea, Ordering amoxicillin online cheap, landing in the very heart of the Indian Navy's Western Naval Command in Colaba, in the Sassoon Docks, where a busy traffic of fishing boats, country craft, and small vessels land everyday from Bombay Harbour, αγοράζουν online amoxicillin. There's been a lot of news recently about piracy in the Indian Ocean near the Gulf of Aden, where the Indian Navy allegedly sunk a pirate "mother ship" last week. In signs of the hyperbolic tendencies of Indian journalists, Buy amoxicillin without prescription, there were reports yesterday of a terrorist "mother ship" detained off Gujarat, a Pakistani merchant vessel.

While images of mother ships in the high seas of the western Indian Ocean might be an exaggeration, there is no doubt that strategically, an arc of coastal states from Aden to Muscat, Um amoxicillin online, Dubai and Karachi are key nodes in a region where Bombay has been the largest coastal city. Buy cheap amoxicillin online, The Taj and Oberoi hotels are perched at the very southern tip of Mumbai's Island City. And while these hotels -- and Nariman House -- are located in one of Mumbai's most posh central business districts, at their feet and edges cling crowded colonies of fisherfolk and slum-dwellers who regularly venture out to the seas. Buy amoxicillin online cheap, These attacks were a brazen assault on some of the key symbols of the financial, military and commercial architecture of Mumbai, and its role as a regional and global capital. But anyone who has walked the streets of Colaba or Cuffe Parade can tell you that this regional command and control centre has feet of clay

Here in the US, the attack has coincided with the Thanksgiving holidays, New Jersey NJ N.J. , when many families are at home glued to their many plasmas, tubes, and flat screens. Buy amoxicillin c.o.d., The coverage here is banal at best, parachute correspondents or terrorism experts who know little about India, using the famous backdrop of the Taj Mahal hotel -- now exploding, now on fire, now duck they're shooting, Oregon OR Ore. . For once I wish I could watch Rajdeep Sardesai shouting his way through the crowds, or even my buddy Sreenivasan Jain on NDTV. While I am not in Mumbai today, all Mumbaikars are part of a real-time news space that is following events as they unfold. Some of the more amazing moments so far have been the top cops shot as they let down their guard outside Metro Cinema, NSG commandos landing by chopper at Nariman House and storming their way in. Stay safe friends, and pray it is all over very soon.

Filed under: main — Tags: disasters, mumbai — Shekhar @ 28 November 2008 11.38 am

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Buy zithromax(Azithromycin) cod, One of the most pathetic examples of the neglect of the city's history is the Kala Ghoda area of South Mumbai. This sounds like a contradiction - in recent years Kala Ghoda has become synonymous with the heritage movement, with its museums and galleries, Køb discount zithromax(Azithromycin), arts festivals and concerts, and recently restored colonial architecture. But if the conservationists had bothered to look behind their charming building facades and fancy street furniture, they would note that one of India's most venerable and best-stocked repositories of historical documents occupies the back of the Elphinstone College building, ordering zithromax(Azithromycin) from canada, in the Maharashtra State Archives (MSA). The MSA is a treasure-trove of government records, West Virginia WV W.Va. , correspondence, maps, and all manner of big and small publications stretching back nearly four hundred years, from the Marathas, Pennsylvania PA Penn. , Portugese, British and postcolonial Indian governments. Purchase zithromax(Azithromycin) online, The staff of the MSA are the real keepers of the city's heritage, the Common Man who cannot afford the glossy coffee table books or steep entrance fees to the festivals and concerts celebrating Mumbai's heritage. More knowledgeable than their better-paid counterparts in such places as London's British Library or Delhi's National Archives, these clerks and peons eagerly serve up the papers and files which are the historian's raw material for narrating stories about the still mostly untold history of the city and its region, buy zithromax(Azithromycin) cod. Everything from sewerage reports from Victorian Bombay, to the diaries and letters of Maratha ministers and chiefs, Texas TX Tex. , to early town planning schemes and maps for Bandra and Juhu may be found in the MSA. The tragedy is that once in your hands, Zithromax(Azithromycin), many of these records crumble to pieces before they can be read, or have already been eroded over time by the elements.

In spite of the flourishing interest in researching and understanding the history, culture and politics of Bombay/Mumbai amongst various groups of academics and urban professionals - from anthropologists and activists to film-makers and architects - the career of the urban researcher in Mumbai is a precarious adventure, order zithromax(Azithromycin) without prescription.

The existing institutions charged with this task are, for the urban researcher, Zithromax(Azithromycin) en ligne afin, a veritable black hole, nowhere more so than the sprawling campus of the University of Mumbai. Buy zithromax(Azithromycin) cod, While Bombay University was in many ways the birthplace of the social science research in India - the old Bombay School of Economics and Sociology counted amongst its graduates the venerable G.S. Ghurye and M.N. Srinivas - it is nowhere on the map of the new urban research being conducted by NGOs setup in recent years to study and report on urban culture, bestill zithromax(Azithromycin) online, design, governance and planning. Cheapest zithromax(Azithromycin) online, And these NGOs themselves often function in dubious ways, setup by foreign academics for offshore influence peddling, or by the city's elites to entrench their agendas with the BMC and MMRDA.

The unfortunate result of this situation is that coffee table heritage has replaced serious historical and social research, New Hampshire NH N.H. . For example, a well-known work about the "cities within" glorifies the progressive role of the colonial era Bombay Improvement Trust in urban development, buy zithromax(Azithromycin) cod. To the historian, this is something akin to calling the land-grabbing and corruption of the present-day Slum Rehabilitation Authority an enlightened civic governance. Om zithromax(Azithromycin) online, With the vacuum left behind by the collapse of genuine research institutions, critical and independent research in and on Mumbai must play second-fiddle to the whims and agendas of local socialities, foreign academics, and the racketeering of consultants and bureaucrats, cheap zithromax(Azithromycin) pills, all seeking to turn Mumbai into a "global city" through patronage of "urban research".

Unfortunately, Acheter zithromax(Azithromycin) bon marché, most of the best recent research on Mumbai is done by writers and academics based in wealthy private universities in the U.S. and U.K. One consequence of this is that these scholars are neither responsible to local institutions such as the MSA, nor does their work circulate back to those for whom it is an essential element in discussions about the past and future of Mumbai.

(Published in TimeOut Mumbai special issue on Bombayology Vol.3, Issue 24, 27 June to 9 August 2007).

Filed under: journalism — Tags: mumbai, timeout — Shekhar @ 5 July 2007 12.00 pm

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The people at SARAI Cheap stromectol online, to have been an inspiration and example in India for many years, and the discourse which they have sponsored in the varied fields of free software, media culture, film studies and urban research have been deeply influential on my thinking for nearly six years now. Cheap stromectol uk, Indeed my visits to Delhi and for their gatherings on the Public Domain, the Tactical Media Lab, stromectol without prescription, Buy stromectol uk, CITY One, and Emerging Urbanism over the years -- and their work with the Alternative Law Forum in Bangalore -- have exposed me to new research networks and communities of practice, order praziquantel. Stromectol for scabies, It was with great anticipation that we at CRIT co-organised our first public workshop with SARAI on 27-29 December in Mumbai, called Metrolog(ue): A Discussion on Emerging Urbanism.

The workshop was beautifully and almost single-handedly organised by Prasad Shetty and signified for CRIT our first public engagement on our own platform, stromectol generic. Uk stromectol cheap, You can read the problem statement of the workshop here, which was co-written by several of us (and in which it later emerged that I slyly inserted several normative, stromectol uk, Ivermectin for birds, rather than purely descriptive, terms), where to buy stromectol. Buy generic stromectol online, The web-site contains further write-ups about each of the panels and thematic foci of the workshop: Emerging Morphologies, the Politics of Occupancy, ivermectin for sale, Purchase stromectol online, New Civil Society Organisations, Urban Peripheries, purchase generic stromectol, Uk buy stromectol, New Entrepreneurship, and Publishing Archiving and Mapping. The workshop grows out of work done by members of CRIT under the SARAI Independent Fellowships, especially Rupali Gupte's Tactical City and Prasad's Stories of Entrepreneurship, cheap stromectol online.

As the Anarchytect has elegantly stated in one of his daily reports on the conference, there was little dialogue between the innocently empirical and technical presentations on new urban environments, and the all-knowing discourse analysis which is preoccupied with the city as a field of representations. There was a perverse juxtaposition of an enthusiastic sense of improvement and development, with a pessimistic post-modernism which is sceptical of all such impulses. The arrogance of this posture is almost impossible to convey, but it was felt by many of the independent researchers and activists from Mumbai. As a social scientist, I was disappointed in my fellow academics in the room, who gave away little, and kept themselves safe and dry on the high-ground of cultual theory. Have a look at Anarchytect's reports on Day 1, Day 2, Day 3 and his other scrawlings.

Filed under: Uncategorized — Tags: mumbai, workshops — Shekhar @ 5 January 2007 12.00 pm

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Buy avelox online, Yesterday my friend, the historian and collector Deepak Rao, took me for what he excitedly described as a "peep show" in the corridors of the Bombay Municipal Corporation, which are lined with glass-faced cupboards containing a veritable treasure trove of municipal archives. Deepak is the only person I know who will compare the delight of visiting a rare archive to the pleasures of a brothel, avelox 400 mg tablet sch. Avelox 400 mg tabs, And his "peep show" was indeed titillating. Everything from the proceedings of the Corporation House, avelox 400mg, Avelox for sale, to the departmental files of the Education, Sanitation, side effects of ibuprofen 400mg, Avelox moxifloxacin hcl, Improvements and Standing Committee are carefully stored in bound volumes which are seemingly catalogued according to an internal file keeping system, going back to the 1880s (!), avelox 400 mg moxifloxacin. Avelox 400 mg side effects, Today I again returned to the corridors of the Municipal Corporation, this time to the Estates and Land Management Department at Manish Market, avelox 400. Buy avelox online, I gazed longingly at the files stacked next to the desk where I was sitting, each of which contain the files for individual plots in the old Scheme no.5 of the Bombay Improvement Trust, avelox 400 mg tablets, Avelox no prescription, the neighbourhoods of Dadar and Matunga. While I am scheming to get access to the records in the main office I saw in the glass cupboards today, avelox 500 mg, Avelox moxifloxacin hcl tablets, the hope of accessing these mountains of detailed files for research is a distant dream. The builders would sooner burn the place down, avelox 400 mg tablet.

Filed under: main — Tags: archives, mumbai — Shekhar @ 18 August 2006 9.28 am

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Avelox 400, Every building has a collective memory. Avelox 400 mg dosage, Imagine if every building had a blog. The funds of neighbourhood histories, avelox 400 mg uses, Avelox tab 400mg, social commentaries, and civic complaint would open out new geographies, avelox 400 mg price. Avelox abc pack, One idea for the Mumbai Free Map project has been to use it to locate and localise the practice of urban blogging. So it's a pleasant surprise to see my ancestral neighbourhood of Matunga in the forefront of this new civic geekery, avelox abc.

Thiru recently drew my attention to the Matunga Musings and Wadala Whispers, hosted at KeralaIyers, a site devoted to the culture and history of the Palghat Brahmins, who comprised a large part of the middle-class community that migrated to the northerly parts of the Island City of Bombay in the interwar years, avelox 400. Avelox moxifloxacin hcl tablets, As Thiru has related (in one of his most remarkable asides from his doctoral research, The Men from Matunga), buy avelox online, Side effects of ibuprofen 400mg, Matunga emerged between the twenties and forties as a new kind of neighbourhood for the salaried masses of the city. This army of clerks, avelox 400 mg side effects, Avelox abc, typists, and service sector employees poured into Bombay at this time, avelox 400 mg dosage, Avelox 400 mg uses, initially living as migrant men in chawls, but eventually "movin' on up" the Island into new apartment buildings in "schemes" developed by the Bombay Improvement Trust (BIT), avelox 400 mg price, Avelox 400 mg tabs, where they brought their families. Thus the "man from Matunga" was the archetype of the white-collar employee, the harbinger of a novel culture which has since become generalised into the common sense of India's urban middle classes. It is also now the name of a blog by columnist Bhavin Jankharia.

Pictured here are two such early settlers in these parts, my grandfather Subbiah and his younger brother, Dr S.S. Krishnan. The middle-class neighbourhoods of Hindu and Parsee Colonies in Dadar, and the South Indian and Gujarathi parts of Matunga, comprised what was then known as Scheme 5. This section from the Mumbai Free Map illustrates the novel ordering of building plots, traffic circles, public gardens, and civic facilities which characterised one of the first modern suburbs of Bombay.

Filed under: main — Tags: dadar, matunga, mumbai — Shekhar @ 15 August 2006 12.52 am

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While sitting there yesterday, I happened upon a reference to a compilation of files from 1920-24 on "the reconstitution of the BMC on a more democratic basis" containing a fascinating debate around the extension of the municipal franchise following the constitutional reforms of 1919, avelox 400 mg tablets. Government sought an expansion in the franchise for municipal elections, Avelox no prescription, which until 1920 was based on an electorate restricted to rate payers, who numbered no more than 12,000 in the entire City of Bombay, avelox abc pack. While the directive was to seek an expansion to between 50, Avelox 400 mg tablets, 000 to 60,000 voters for the reconstituted corporation, a debate ensued between British civil servants, avelox 400 mg tablet, and corporators and civic representatives, Side effects of ibuprofen 400mg, and nationalist reformers on the principle of the franchise. This was to be changed from a basis in "rate-payers" to "rent-payers", the question arising as to the minimum rent paid which would qualify someone for the vote in Bombay City, avelox 400 mg tablet. Various statistical distributions of the rent-paying populations of each ward in the city were presented in the debate as to whether to fix the minimum from between Rs 10 to Rs 25.

As I remarked to Nikhil Avelox 400 mg tablets, , who initially got me thinking about municipal elections, this was the first time I had seen a real breakdown of ward-wise rates of rent in this period. This is where the debate also turned communal, as the question of reserved electorates for minorities such as Parsis, Mohammedans, Christians and others were mooted along with the new principles of expanding the franchise on the basis of rents, and increasing the number of seats in the Corporation. It seems from the correspondence between the Indian members of the Municipal Corporation and the British officials deliberating the new principles of enfranchisement that the former were concerned with the dilution in the influence of Parsi community, whom Ibrahim Rahimtoola hailed as having shouldered the great burden of local self-government (and who must have also represented a significant number of the rate payers in the old franchise). Nonetheless they rejected the idea of communal electorates as divisive and unnecessary to secure minority interests, which they still claimed would be best managed by a propertied elite. Some British officials strongly remarked that Government should not stick too closely to the "class of landlords" who on the one hand directed civic affairs and on the other hand abetted in the creation of slum areas, the single biggest problem of colonial administration in Bombay at this time. The expansion of the franchise based on rent payers was eventually accepted with some amendments, and instituted in 1923.